Historical Context of Barn Burning

William Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† takes a lot of real life cultural values and ways of southern life in the late 1800s. Many of those values and ways are expressed by sharecropping and tenant farming. Sharecropping and tenant farming began during the end of the Civil war all through the great depression. Sharecropping is an agreement between a tenant and a landlord in which a tenant farmer is allowed to work and live on a piece of land for free, but in exchange for living there for free, they give the landlord a share of the crop they grow.Sharecropping was mainly big in the southern states where slavery was once legal. The pay for being a tenant farmer was very low and the living itself was not very desirable. In Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† Abner Snopes is a white tenant farmer. He has this attitude that he should be given everything and should not be working as a sharecropper because he is white. At this time in history, many sharecroppers were f reed slaves. Snopes believed that because he was white, he shouldn’t be a sharecropper. Like many sharecropper at this time, Snopes had plenty debts that needed to paid off.Instead of paying off his debts, Snopes decide to burn down his landowner’s barns. This leads Snopes and his family to move from county to county. This was a very common life for sharecroppers at this time. The life of a sharecropper was full of debts, and trying to make enough money to pay off those debts and make enough money for a living. Upon leaving his sharecropping job, Snopes finds a job at the household of Major De Spain. When they arrive, Snopes dirties a white rug and sneers at the black servant when the servant told him not step on it.Sometime after this, the servant comes to the Snopes’ new home and instructs Abner to clean the rug. During this time, servants and housekeepers were treated with more respect than sharecroppers were. Abner Snopes was appalled by this because he beli eved that because he was a white man, he should have been treated with more respect. De Spain finds out about Snopes’ ruining the rug and charges them one hundred dollars added to their debt, and twenty bushels of corn. These types of arrangements were quite common at this time between sharecroppers and their landlords.The sharecroppers had little to no money, so the landlords would charge them for items, or take an extra percentage of their crops. The setting of this story is very important because it gives you a sense of what life was like back during the late 1800s. â€Å"Barn Burning† takes place in the south after the civil war. After the civil war, the south was in the period of reconstruction. A lot of the south was destroyed from the war, and it affected everyone in the south from their economy, to their personal lives. Many people lived impoverished like the Snopes family.Abner Snopes holds a lot of resentment because he couldn’t be successful in his li fe. Instead of changing his life and working hard, he resents everything and everyone around him. This attitude eventually leads to his downfall. William Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† takes a lot of real life situations and puts them into fiction. He is able to put the life around him in to stories of fiction. Works Cited Channel , History . â€Å"Sharecropping & â€Å"Forty Acres and a Mule† — History. com Articles, Video, Pictures and Facts. † History. om — History Made Every Day — American & World History. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Apr. 2013. . Gardener , Ron . â€Å"New Georgia Encyclopedia: Sharecropping. † New Georgia Encyclopedia. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Apr. 2013. . Giessen , James C. . â€Å"New Georgia Encyclopedia: Sharecropping. † New Georgia Encyclopedia. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Apr. 2013. .

Mount & Blade Warband Faction

Mount and Blade: Warband Quick Guide to the Nations Mount and Blade: Warband already from the start throws you into somewhat deep waters, asking you where do you wish to begin your adventure. The choice might feel like purely a â€Å"starting point†, since you can go anywhere you wish on the map, do whatever you like, without any â€Å"national constraints†. But to the more careful observer, each nation, both as a starting point, ally and unit choice has its individual strengths and weaknesses. In this guide we will look briefly at each nation, so that you might have an easier choice deciding who is best sided with, at the beginning.Map of Caldaria. Orange- Swadia, White- Vaegirs, Blue- Nords, Yellow- Sultanate, Purple- Khergit, Green- Rhodok. Mount and Blade: Warband Quick Guide to the Nations Kingdom of Nords These merry fellows, who look like Vikings, are the strongest shock troops you can find. A Nord Huscarl might not have a war-horse like a Swadian Knight, but his axe does the talking. When gathering a Nord force you will immediately notice a substantial lack in cavalry, as well as a general lack in proper ranged units. What they lack in those two areas they make up in high quality infantry. Nord infantry uses axes.Be it battle axes, two-handed axes, throwing axes, or forks with axes. They will also have a selection of blades and other thrown weapons. They will use exclusively round shields, and an orderly round shield wall will never be pierced by any attack. Nord Infantry also uses quality armour, which gives them a decent edge against enemy infantry and cavalry, while their shields will block most types of ranged weapons with ease. Due to their sturdiness and weapon choice Nords are useful both as an attack, and a defense force. A dense group of Nord warriors will create an impenetrable wall of shields and axes in the open.During an attack, Nords will storm a castle, and with mild ease destroy any shields the defenders could be using. Mea nwhile, a Nord defense force guarding a castle might as well be outnumbered 10:1, given the right circumstances, and still win. A Nord shield wall awaiting a worthy foe. The Nord lack of cavalry and proper ranged weapons does mean they are slow on the outside map and during a battle. When commanding a Nord force, keeping a tight formation means everything. Dispersing your force could mean that enemy ranged weapons or cavalry will cut down individual warriors with ease.If you are severely utnumbered, or forced to fight a force made up of cavalry, your only hope is to bunch up as closely together as possible, and hope for the best. Hide behind a hill, so that enemy archers are not as effective, and once the enemy is a short distance away, charge. As a starting point, the Kingdom of Nords is a good location. You can easily find good deals for Salt with your neighbours, as well as obtain cheap Iron and Raw Silk from the Kingdom of Vaegirs. Based on my experience, most business types do not work out in â€Å"Nordland†, so stick to trading goods.The main danger of Nordland are Sea Raiders. These are nigh tier outlaws which can witn ease take out an inexperienced company of warriors. Stay clear of them untill you are certain you can fight them. As an ally, the Nords have a mildly good position. They have only two neighbours, and a sea behind them. Kingdom of Swadia Swadians are something between the English, and the French. They rely on their cavalry, which in a full charge can break even the toughest foes. Although other nations have equally effective â€Å"Knights†, the Swadians appear to excel stat wise, and overall use better equipment.In other areas the Swadians do not appear to be that ar off from other nations. Their higher tier infantry is decent in combat, and the Swadian sharpshooters make for decent ranged units. However, if you rely on Swadian cavalry too heavily you could wake up in a number of horror scenarios. For example, running out of funds, fighting on hilly terrain, fghting a highly experienced Rhodok force or being forced to â€Å"Auto Battle†. Training Swadian Knights is expensive, and their upkeep is terrifying. Their need for flat terrain makes them useless on hilly terrain, and against a forest of spears they will often get bogged down and killed.Often the best technique to win a battle as a Swadian force is to create an infantry main force to occupy the enemy. Then, while the enemy is fighting your infantry, flank with your Knights. Swadians make fine castle defenders and attackers. Although they lack the push of the Nords, or the spears of the Rhodoks, their armour and training cannot be underestimated. Swadian Knights and Men at Arms, preparing for their charge. On the other hand, Swadian cavalry *is* expensive. Rebuilding a lost force will cost you a fortune, and up keeping it might drain your coffers entirely.If you are poor, or have problems btaining a decent income, you might wish to look for alternatives. As a starting point, Swadia is in the centre of everything. This means you have equally far to all the other towns and nations, but it lacks any â€Å"special produce† which you could produce cheaply. As an ally, Swadians can shock, in the positive and negative way. Since they are surrounded from all sides, a war on multiple fronts will leave them broken and divided. On the other hand, when Swadians do come around to attacking a single nation, they can overwhelm with ease. Kingdom of Rhodoks The Kingdom of Rhodoks are a fun bunch.Fun, because they are affordable and incredibly disciplined. Rhodoks have two strengths: their spears and their crossbows. Although it is easy to dismiss Rhodok units as â€Å"Core Infantry' that only means you fought against the A1. Rhodok crossbowmen are a terrifying sight to behold. Combined with your Rhodok infantry forming a shield and spear wall almost no force can push through them. Cavallery will be annihilated witn a well pla ced R concentration. Much like the Nords, you do not want to spread your infantry too far. Unlike the Nords though, the Rhodok are not that good on the attack.Their weapons re not designed for assaulting but defending. On the other hand, Rhodok shields offer excellent cover during a siege attack or defense, allowing them to survive for much longer than usual. The strength of Rhodok Crossbowmen cannot be underestimated. They have incredible ranged abilities, while also being half-decent in combat, making it possible to use them as improvised close combat infantry. Rhodok Infantry countering a Sultanate charge. Rhodoks do lack cavalry. You might have incredible infantry, but you will be slower on the world map, and you will need to lend some horsemen from another nation if you ant to flank the enemy.Rhodok forces can â€Å"turtle† forward. Taking on wave after wave of attackers, as they move steadily forward. The problem is that the A1 often does not think that way. The Rhodoks , Just like the Nords, are in a nice tight corner. Their nation is often plagued by mountain bandits, and they lack a proper cheap trade good, but their natural terrain works well with their spears, creating a living nightmare for their neighbours, who incidentally rely on cavalry heavily: Swadians, Khergits and the Sultanate. Kingdom of Vaegirs The Vaegirs are an interesting force to use.They have Infantry, Ranged and Cavalry nits, on the other hand their elite units often lack shields, making them a force highly vulnerable to ranged attack. Vaegir archers are also the best foot bowmen in the game, as such you have a force which is mildly vulnerable to a ranged attack, while also being able to retaliate with their own barrage. Unlike other armies, Vaegir top-tier units prefer two-handed weapons, making them highly dangerous units to face off against, if outnumbered. Both Vaegir Knights and the Vaegir Guards will chop away at the competition. The question is how penalizing is their lack of shields?It all depends on the situation. When faced against Rhodoks you could find yourself losing more men due to the crossbow barrage, on the other hand you have something to counter ranged units, Vaegir cavalry. Vaegir warband. In a siege assault situation your main weakness is a possible lack of shielding, making you lose units much more quickly. In an open field that could also be a problem if you want to play defensively Use terrain to your advantage, or use your force Just like you would play as the Swadians. Make your â€Å"main force† occupy the enemy while you tan w n the cavalry.As a starting point, the Kingdom ot Vaegirs is not a bad place to be at. They might have tundra bandits and initially some very weak units, but the trade benefits are very high. Vaegir ports tend to have some lower priced Raw silk, making it a good place to trade for higher cash. Finding some cheap iron will also take you a long way. Trading with the Nords for Salt will only make yo u richer. Vaegirs tend to have little to no problems with neighbours. Although they could be considered surrounded they can cope with a single or two opponents at the same time.Khergit Khanate The Khergits have one strength no other army can match, almost every single one of their units is on horseback. A fully developed Khergit force will have Lancers and archers on horseback, making it the most mobile force in the game. On the world map they will move quicker than other armies, and on the battlefield, open fields is what a Khergit commander would love most. However, this reliance on cavalry is risky, and although Khergits excel on the field of battle, during a siege they are much weaker than one would wish.The Khergits are masters of firing off horseback. Under the player's control they can circle an enemy force indefinitely, untill the foe is so badly bloodied that a Lancer charge will finish them off. Under the A1, Khergits under perform, since they will often charge into an ene my force, making them easy prey for Rhodoks or Nords. The Khergit Lancers are weaker and less armoured than other cavalry formations, but they can still hold their ground, and during the initial charge, take out a number of foes with their lances.Khergit Lancers awaiting the enemy. Khergits are very poor while defending or attacking a castle. Their lancers will be outperformed by most equal or higher tier infantry. Although their archers will pepper away at a foe, it is a bad idea to assume that you can take out the enemy uicker than they can take out your infantry. As such, when protecting your castle, always include infantry from another nation. Lancers are simply unreliable. Meanwhile, if you face against them, bring a fast(er) horse, a high concentration of infantry or a very big shield.As a starting point, the Khergits have the best towns to produce and sell dyed textiles. Although it is the most expensive business type, it is the most profitable in Khergit lands. Trade in thei r territory is risky on lower levels, due to Steppe Bandits. If you have a small caravan, or poorly trained men, Steppe Bandits will mob you with their horses. They are also incredibly quick, making it very hard to outrun them. As an ally Khergits are surrounded by foes all around. Swadians, Sultanate and Veagirs are all risky sparring partners.As a commander, you will have access to the fastest army around, so if you do not want to fight enemy armies, you might as well hit and run weaker lords or raid villages and flee before the enemy can retaliate. Sarranid Sultanate The Sarranid are a new addition to Mount & Blade. Some would say that they are a mirror image of the Swadians. The Sarranid Mamluke and Swadian Knight go head in head for the title of the best cavalry in Mount and Blade. However, unlike the Swadians, the Sarranid suffer from a sub-par high-tier infantry. The Sarranid Guard is considered the weakest high level infantry in the game.This is because they lack any apparen t weakness, while also lacking any strength. They are considered generalists, but as such, they can be adapted tor ditterent tasks. Meanwhile, Sarranid Master Archers are devastating ranged units. On the level, if not above, of the Veagir Marksman, Sarranid Master Archers are well armoured, with excellent ranged abilities. However, Just like all other ranged unit types, the Master Archers lack any lose combat abilities. Remnants of a Swadian force are about to learn why does the desert belong to the Sultan. What is the weakness of the Sarranid?Their infantry for one, but Just like the Swadians, it is easy to be carried away and invest your money into elite cavalry. Not only that, but the upkeep will be comparable of a full Swadian force. If you do not have a substantial income you will become a very poor lord, very quickly. As a starting point, Sarranids suffer a bit from the same problem as the Swadians. They lack any specific low-cost and profitable good. Another problem is the si ze of the Sultanate. Villages and towns are often dispersed, and reaching one end of the Sultanate from the other could take even two days.This is also a problem when fghting wars. Reacting quickly to events on either side of the Sultanate is nearly impossible. Among their neighbours you have the Khergits, Swadians and Rhodoks. With a trained force a war against the Khergits does not pose any threat, however Swadian and Rhodok forces will stand on equal terms with you. Let us also not forget about Desert Bandits, who, Just like Steppe Bandits, will outrun you, and if you lack an experienced force, annihilate you. Alexander â€Å"WriterX† Bielski

Aftermath – creative writing

BANG! I woke. I opened my eyes but was unable to see. The dust had settled like concrete boulders into the corners of my eyes! Everything was deadly still. The wind fiercely gave a shout. A black cloud stood dominating the demolished town. I moved my hands to wipe my irritated eyes, boulders, brickwork, broken furniture and complete devastation stood before me. A ray of light appeared through cracks of the rubble. The boulders took on features like monsters and ogres – making my chest tighten with fear. I vociferated for help. No one was around. I was scared: Petrified. I managed to pull my achy bones out from the debris, the pain was horrific. I could feel the cold misty wind stroke my face. In the far distance I could hear low voices that became louder and louder: hysterical screams. I attempted to crawl my way towards the noise – in hope for help. Shards of glass dug into the palms of my hands. Warm blood trickled down my knees, my throat tightened with the dirty dense dust. I could taste the fear. Behind me I heard a crackle. I turned. The flames of fire danced before my eyes. The heat scorched my face like the hottest sauna could. The smoke was a ferocious lion ready to pounce. I moved as quickly as I could, using all the energy I had. Slowly crawling like a young baby. I felt hopeless: disconsolate! The further I crawled the louder the low voices became. It was a horrendous atmosphere! The town had become a tragedy! Buildings around me had collapsed surrounded with sneaky smoke, brickwork and furniture were slowly burning away, the air was thick full of unknown flumes, why wasn't anyone around? What had happened? No building stood tall, burnt out office work scattered the debris, ashes and litter played in the wind. My body filled with just one emotion: anxiety. Cars around me were smashed and strangled with fire. I watched in dismay. Crashing noises appeared. Brickwork collapsed- followed with a speechless smash. More rubble fell with bold broken bang! Screaming voices emerged. I crawled towards the screams. I was able to hear sirens wailing in the faint distance carried by the wind. I began to see flashing lights though the dark debris. There was only one word to describe it: hope. Suddenly I glimpsed with the squint of the eye. The site of panicked people was ahead of me. My heart skipped a beat. I shouted, â€Å"Hello, can you hear me†. No one replied. â€Å"Can you hear me?† I screamed. I waited. I listened. A young lady ran over to me. â€Å"Its okay, you're safe now,† announced the lady. â€Å"What's happened? What's happened?† I repeated. She didn't answer. She grabbed my arm and wrapped it round her neck giving me support. We approached the flashing lights. Countless amounts of ambulances and fire engines appeared. Hundreds of people were gathered staring at the ruined town. Many people were hysterically screaming and crying. Dead bodies were covered with white cloths. I became speechless. Tears ran down my face. â€Å"Its over, you survived†, quietly explained the young lady. I took a big breath. I closed my eyes. I thought. One word repeated through my head: lucky.

Pushing Tin Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pushing Tin - Movie Review Example Although Nick is a happily married man to a sweet wife Connie, he falls for Bells wife when he met her at a supermarket. Nick has a sincere character full of intelligence that enables him get on the track, through Bell’s help after her wife leaves him. The movie unravels several stress levels experienced by a diverse workforce. The changing times of globalisation comes with added demands on the workers to perform more duties diligently at the same pay as before. Integrated stress model describes stressors as occurring in workplaces, which include nonworking experiences, and during major life transitions (Edward 410). Lazarus and Folkman as quoted by NEIU argue that stressors are life experiences or circumstances that threaten a major goal including maintenance of ones physical integrity and psychological well being (Kemeny 1). Stressors affect various cognition states causing anxiety, sadness, frustration, helplessness, and an overwhelmed self-being. The model advocates for filtering stressors in that a stressor can be exciting to one person and harmful to another. In addition, the model suggests personality, skills, family health history, demographics, diet, and physical fitness as some moderators of stress. From the movie Pushing Tin, Nick’s skills make him outstanding on a job that has so much pressure. When the airline management decides to layoff other air controllers, Nick manages to keep his job. He boasts of his ability to handle intense stress in a job that has a very high percentage of staff turnovers. Integrated model helps us explain why two individuals subjected to similar stressful work conditions will behave differently. While the job conditions excite and work well for Nick, the same conditions are so adverse to other air controllers and they have to quick job. Nick has special capabilities and resilience that makes him stand out. In the same stressful working conditions, Bell comes in and outperforms

To write a paper assuming we don't know much about the industry, firm, Research

To write a assuming we don't know much about the industry, firm, product, etc - Research Paper Example Generally, economic recessions are a result of a decline in GDP growth, which is itself caused by a slowdown in manufacturing orders, falling housing prices and sales, and a drop-off in business investment. But the fundamental question is- what causes the slowdown in the first place? While few predicted the financial catastrophe, almost everyone has an explanation as to why it happened. Although it is important to note that recessions are a result of different factors as each has its own specific causes, all of them are usually preceded by a period of irrational exuberance. Before we look at the causes of the recent economic recession, it would be logical to first of all look at some of the reasons that led to the Great Depression, if for anything, see if some of the causes recur. Stock Market Crash In the 1920s, the economy was developing at a very high rate due to the birth of many businesses and companies. As a result, there was an increased supply of money and individuals investe d their surplus in the stock market. On September 3, 1929 the stock market peaked, closing at a record of 381.17. Trading volume was 444,000 shares. At the end of the same month, the market closed at 343- a 10% decline. On Monday, October 29, 16.4% shares traded and the markets fell by an 11.5% margin. The markets closed at 230.17 by that time, down 40% from its all time high. Reports indicate that in a single day investors lost 14 billion dollars and by the end of 1929, 40 billion dollars was lost. This crash put a lot of pressure on banks and caused a lot of money to be taken out of the economy. The stock market bubble finally burst on October 24, 1929 as investors began dumping shares en masse. On a day referred to as â€Å"Black Thursday†, a record 12.9 million shares were traded that day and five days later, on "Black Tuesday" 16 million shares were traded. This was after another wave of panic swept Wall Street. Millions of shares were rendered worthless, and those inves tors who had borrowed money to buy stocks were wiped out completely. Federal Reserve’s Role during the Great Depression In most cases, recession is a result of inflation but in this case it was caused by deflation. Cycles of ups and downs in the economy are normal. One of the reasons strongly touted as being the cause of the Great Depression was the increase in interest rates by the government. The rates increased, from 3.5% in 1929 to 5%. Upon increasing the rates, the government failed to act to stabilize or increase the money supply. In fact, between 1929 and 1933, the supply of money fell by 30%. This led to deflation. Bank Failures At the time there was alot of fear that banks would collapse since, there were no guarantees on cash at the bank. As more and more people panicked, there was a massive run to the banks to pull money out and some banks were not able to fulfill the requests for withdrawal and closed their doors. As banks collapsed, very many people lost their mo ney. More panic followed as people lost their money and banks collapsed. This rush to withdraw money created a domino effect. There was no confidence in the banks and people resorted to keeping their money under their matresses. Reports indicate that during that period, over 9,000 banks failed. Insurance policies were not as advanced as to cover deposits and thus as banks failed people simply lost their savings. For the few surviving banks, unsure of the economic

Fashion Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion Marketing - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Marketing" concerns the marketing in fashion. With a success story that continues even today, Hanes has defined the clothing industry like no other company ever has. Hanes, in 2012 used the social medium Facebook to help grow their relationship with their consumers. Underwear isn’t the first thing you would think of when listing your passions, but Hanes thought it can build an â€Å"emotional connection† with underwear shoppers and get them talking. This type of marketing succeeded. Social media, like Facebook, is at the center of this strategy. On Facebook, where it has 2.5 million likes asked open-ended questions on what your favorite underwear type is or posts that ask you to share your first experience wearing a bra. The brand is trying to get consumers talking. â€Å"Hanes wants to be able to connect with consumers beyond just the transaction,† said David Robertson, director of marketing at Hanes. â€Å"We want to communicate what the bra nd stands for. We want to hear from them and we want to establish more of an emotional connection. That ongoing relationship will lead to increased loyalty and advocacy.† H&M opened its first store in Sweden. Hennes, the name at the time specialized in women’s fashion. The franchise slowly grew opening its first store outside of Sweden in 1963. Today the company has over 2,800 locations worldwide and they specialize in clothing for women, men, and kids, and now underwear. In 2013, H&M incorporated location-based campaigns into their marketing mix.

Article Critique - Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Article Critique - Violence - Essay Example In general and in great detail, the literature review of the research study â€Å"The Associations Between Community Violence, Television Violence, Intimate Partner Violence, Parent-Child Aggression, and Aggression in Sibling Relationships of a Sample of Preschoolers† presents the prevailing studies and information concerning sibling aggression and the potential factors that are paving the way for its realization. The literature review provides significant information and potential gaps that will help enhance the actual research problem that the research study wanted to generate. The literature review presents the concept that in the high level of aggression between siblings, there is potential association with significant short-and-long-term effects. For this reason, the proponents were able to include relevant points concerning Intimate Partner Violence and sibling aggression, parent-child aggression and sibling aggression, community violence and sibling aggression, exposure to violence in the media and sibling aggression, and complex violence exposure. Therefore, the proponents want to identify if children’s exposure to these varying types of violence may have substantial impact on their actual aggressive behavior (Miller et al. 165). This is the study’s relevant statement of the problem as the potential remark that calls for the need to do the necessary study in order to provide a potential response to what may be lacking in the prevailing literature or studies so far. The focus therefore of this study is to contribute to the growing body of knowledge linked to violence by which there is a potential link to childhood’s aggressive behavior.... In other words, understanding this information will eventually pave the way on how to control the crime and delinquent behaviors the soonest possible. The ultimate point of this in the end is a substantial reduction of crimes and actual manifestations of delinquent behaviors. Second, the study will provide a remarkable empirical evidence to support the claim that one’s external context of the environment has important contribution to the creation of crimes, violence and other related delinquent behaviors. Finally, this study will provide the opportunity for the community to understand more about violence and other essential points that have substantial link to its inception at the early stage. In other words, if proven that children and their aggressive behaviors are influenced by other forms of violence, then the community will be able to emancipate significant actions that will lead to social organization and eradication of crimes or other potential delinquent behaviors. Qua litative data are obtained from the respondents and they can be both nominal and ordinal data. These are data that are not necessarily numbers, and the basic example might involve responses like ‘moderate’ and ‘severe’ just as what exactly employed in the research study. There are also some quantitative data obtained from the respondents when mothers were asked about the time range of TV watching of their children. In other words, the research study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative data that at the most specific category can be identified as belonging to either nominal, ordinal, ratio or interval type of data. These data are

International strategic management ( answer the 2 exam questions) Essay

International strategic management ( answer the 2 exam questions) - Essay Example da Motor Company, it seems that the company had been following a â€Å"glocalisation† strategy since mid 1980s in order to internationalise its business segments giving more focus on local markets. However, the company has recently brought a strategic change in its global market operations, according to which the Honda sets up its own wholly owned subsidiaries across the globe. To illustrate, referring to Aylward (2003), Honda established its wholly owned subsidiary in India in 1999 under the name Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India and announced plans on cancelling the joint venture with its Indian partner Hero. This strategic change is supported by the performance comparison framework, which tells that stockholders expect more revenues as time goes by (Lecture note). In addition, the company has abandoned its traditional manufacturing policies, and adapted to a new manufacturing policy called ‘Lean manufacturing system’ by the end of the 20th century. The lean manu facturing strategy would produce maximum level of output with minimum level of inventory. Also, this strategy would avoid production waste. Strategic change approaches illustrate that a change process involves three phases including strategic planning, project management, and operationalistion. Today, governments worldwide encourage foreign direct investments as it is one of the best measures to promote economic growth. This trend is particularly seen in emerging economies like India and China. Since Honda is a globally recognised company and a potential employment provider, governments tend to welcome the organisation on the belief that Honda can add value to the nation’s industrial and economic status. In addition, since globalisation has eliminated cross border trade barriers, organisations enjoy easy access to foreign markets. At this juncture, the Honda management thinks that the strategic change would provide them with more operating freedom and innovation capabilities. While analysing the

Forensic mental healthcare module. critical analysis Essay tittle-

Forensic mental healthcare module. critical analysis tittle- VIOLENCE RISK AMONG PEOPLE WITH SEVERE PERSONALITY DISORDER - Essay Example There have been violence risk assessment schemes devised to measure the risk based on common standards (Webster and Hucker, 2007, p.44). Before exploring such risk assessment tools, it is paramount to understand the causes and nature of personality disorder and also the existing psychological theories on the same. Biological aspects The earliest reported diagnostic tendency in history, linked with personality disorders was to find a connection of heredity and genetics with the said disorder. It was Patrick (qtd. in Forrest, 1994) who carried out the â€Å"first comprehensive genealogical investigations of psychopathy and heredity† (p.70). The findings of that study as well as other studies that followed have suggested â€Å"between 50 and 70 percent of psychopaths have ancestral disturbance† (Forrest, 1994, p.70). Studies that were conducted in 1980s and 1990s also have proved the same (Forrest, 1994, p.71). The studies which investigated the biological aspects of perso nality disorder included twin studies, family studies, adoption studies, and also â€Å"criminality, male homosexuality and alcoholism† studies (Russell and Hersov, 1983, p.25). But there also has existed a counter argument, which says that there is no connection between heredity and psychopathy (Cloninger, Reich and Guze, 1975). An aberration in the chromosomal pattern was identified in early research as one aspect of the biological side of a personality disorder (Forrest, 1994, p.72). A study conducted â€Å"among mentally subnormal male criminals† had found that their genetic structure has an â€Å"extra Y chromosome† (Forrest, 1994, p.72). This genetic pattern has been named as â€Å"XYY genotype† and the characteristics of the individual having this chromosomal pattern have been described as â€Å"extreme episodic violence or aggression, low intelligence, behavioral pathology, and gonadal abnormalities† (Forrest, 1994, p.72). But more recent r esearch has refuted this assumed violence risk associated with XYY chromosome (Forrest, 1994, p.72). Another approach has been to link personality disorders to â€Å"brain damage and neurologic pathology† (Forrest, 1994, p.72). This is to suggest that a personality disorder is the result of a neurological disorder (Forrest, 1994, p.72). Further explorations in this direction have concluded that the major cause of a personality disorder is the damage to hypothalamus and this in turn might be the result of â€Å"hereditary or genetic factors as well as intrauterine or post-birth head trauma† (forrest, 1994, p.72). Hare (1970) has made another interesting observation in which it is argued that a psychopath often has lesions inside the brain, which impair the psychopath’s skill to control behavior which may invite social disapproval. Psychological perspectives & theories From a psychological point of view, personality disorders can be defined as personality â€Å"s ystems that are poorly functioning and/or inefficiently adapting to the requirements of contemporary society† (Magnavita, 2004, p.3). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM- IV) has defined a personality disorder as â€Å"an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment†

Improve nursing leadership project Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Improve nursing leadership project - Article Example The work that they do will have to benefit the user and from that, they will gain respect. To achieve this vision, a sole responsibility of leadership that follows policies, philosophy, priorities, and power relationship of the health centers has to be practiced effectively. All leadership at the varying levels will be utilized in the process. Being a leader in the nursing field means your primary drive is the process of change to your staff. The nurses will experience new changes, and the changes need to be absorbed by the skilled staff as they are implemented within a time frame of 5 weeks. From this move, a challenge will arise because some members are not programmed to change and will take place 2 hours daily and three days of the working week. Because of this rigidness, the new employees will have a mentality that the skills got from school will be directed to the workplace, and their performance will reduce. Those who begin and adopt the change will be rewarded to encourage the

Human Resources Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Resources Development - Essay Example yoffs as examples to the survivors so that the survivors know that if their performance is not up to the mark, they can be laid off like others as well. In addition, management can establish rewards and tie them with achievement of specific goals on the part of the survivors. This would make a two-way approach wherein, the survivors would increase their commitment and productivity not only to remain employed and not become one of the layoffs but also to get the rewards that have been established by the management. In addition to these steps, close monitoring and supervision of the survivors is also necessary to ensure that they are making correct use of the organizational resources, though management may consider showing flexibility in terms of time schedule; making the employees sit in the office does not necessarily mean that they work full time. Productivity is optimal when employees are given some relaxation in terms of time of arrival and departure from the

Teanage Driving Essay Example for Free

Teanage Driving Essay Imagine you just hit a car head-on. It’s probably because you are under the influence. This is why experts say the driving age should be raised to age 18. The minimum driving age differs from state to state. The lowest driving age in the United States is 13. That is in the state of Nebraska. You have to be thirteen years old qualify for a â€Å"farm husbandry permit.† The 13 year old can operate off-road vehicles used in farming. The government is considering raising the legal driving age. It should be raised because most of the teens who will or are driving will be doing things they know they should not do. They do things like texting on their cell phone and speeding over the limit. It is also because they are under peer pressure. Car accidents are mostly caused be teenagers. They take their own lives when they don’t wear their seat belts or are out past their curfews. The law keeps the voting age at 18 and buying alcohol at 21 but let a 16 years old have the responsibility of taking the busy streets. The legal driving age should be raised to age 18 because most teenagers are not responsible, most teens text while driving, and lives can be saved. First, the driving age should be raised because most teens are not responsible. Car crashes that are caused by teenage drivers are the number one killer of teens in America today. They kill most between 15 and 21 year old. 13% of teens said that they have been in a car with the driver had drunk alcohol before driving. 14% of teens say that they drive after drinking. 36% of teens say that they had ridden with a driver who had been drinking. Motor vehicle crashes kill between 5,000 to 6,000 people every year. Driving is something that requires focus and decision making. Teenagers are still developing self-control and appropriate emotional responses to a situation that might be going on. â€Å"Road rage† is used to describe the emotional response of something like anger or frustration that teens can experience while behind the wheel. Some teenagers’ get hurt just because they know that they should put on their seat belt and they don’t. Also, it is because the teenager doesn’t go home at their curfew. If a teenager wears his seat belt; it reduces the risk of dying by 45%. Teenagers are the youngest people to not wear their seat belt. Teenage drivers are more likely to have a car accident since they’re under the influence of alcohol. A driver’s license provides privileges other than driving. Four out of six teens that drinks and drive kill drivers 20 or younger that result in a fatal crash. One out of three teens will have a car accident within the first two years of driving. Secondly, the driving age should be raised because teens are texting while driving. 56% of teenagers answer and make phone calls while they are driving. 13% of teens say that they have sent and responded to text messages while driving. 45% of teens said that they would speak up if someone else was driving in a way that scared them. Texting while driving gives you a four times of a chance to having a car accident. Distracted drivers account for 80% of crashes that was from 18 to 20 year old. If we get teenagers off of the roads, then there would be fewer car crashes. Next, if teenagers don’t drive, lives can be saved. Allison Reboratti was a 19 year old. She had boyfriend named Steven Filipak. They both are in the state of Pennsylvania. Steven had driven them to Steven’s friend’s house. Steven got drunk and passed out. When he got conscious the both of them left. He got conscious on the early morning of May 9, 2001. Allison had let Steven drive the car home. Neither of them had their seat belt on when Steven had lost control of the car. He had hit a sign post, a fence, and an evergreen tree. Someone had called the paramedics. When the paramedics arrived, Allison was found dead lying across Steven’s lap. Steven was breathing, but unconscious. He was taken to the hospital. He had broken bones and brain damage. He had to stay in the hospital for five months. This story proves that the driving age should be raised. Male drivers between the ages of 15 and 20 were involved in fatal crashes. 37% were speeding and 26% were dri nking. Five percent of teenagers admit to driving a car after drinking alcohol. Eight hundredths percent of drivers have alcohol in their blood. Almost three out of four teen drivers were killed in a crash after drinking and driving and they wasn’t wearing a seat belt. 56% of teen’s deaths occur on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday. Fatal crashes rate from 16 to 19 year old. Teenage drivers are more likely to get into a car accident than older drivers. 55% of teens said that they go over ten miles per hour the limit. Some teens even go over 80 miles per hour while driving. 17% of teens say that they think that speeding is fun. 44% of teen’s said that they would drive more safely if their friends were not in the car. 67% of teens said that they felt unsafe would when someone else was driving. 37% of teens say that they would ride with one or more friends who speed in the coming year. Over 40% of teen crashes deaths occur between 9 P.M. and 6 A.M. 60% of teens’ auto deat hs occur before midnight. Therefore, the driving age should be raised to age 18. It should be raised because most teenagers are not responsible, text while driving, and lives can be saved. Also, it should be raised because most teenagers under age drink and their drinking leads to them having car accidents. Teenagers kill thousands of people every year. Lots of teenagers make and answer phone calls while they are driving. In addition, teens kill more people than mid-aged adults. That concludes the reasons why the driving age should be raised to age 18.

Reflective Essay on Clinical Decision Making

Reflective Essay on Clinical Decision Making Clinical decision making in nursing involves applying critical thinking skills to select the best available evidence based option to control risks and address patients needs in the provision of high quality care that nurses are accountable for. Standing, M. (2011) Nurses are accountable for the quality, safety and effectiveness of their clinical decision making. We are accountable to the patients, clients and service users to whom we owe a duty of care. According to Standing, M. (2011), accountability in decision making is being answerable to patients, the public, employers, NMC and the law for the consequences of our actions and having to explain, justify, and defend our decisions. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2008) states that nurses are personally accountable for their actions during practice and therefore they must be able to justify their decisions at all time. Nurses have to balance a number of elements before they make a decision, however the patients best interest is their main priority. Decision making involves assessing available options and their effectiveness. It applies judgement regarding our reasons for doing or not doing things. As nurses, we use different information sources to support our judgement and decision making. Nursing is the use of clinical judgement in the provision of care to enable people to improve, maintain, or recover health, to cope with health problems, and to achieve the best possible quality of life whatever their disease or disability, until death. (Royal College of Nursing, 2003) Decision making requires thinking skills to exercise judgement in assessing the benefits of available options and choosing a preferred option that is then acted upon. Judgement is not decision making but is closely related. Decision making links judgement to practice by acting on it in choosing from the options available. There are different models of decision making in nursing developed to help nurses make their decision on all aspects of nursing care and I decided to focus on risk analysis and management and evidence based decision making. Clinical practice is often concerned with risk reduction and with the developing trend in healthcare litigation, there is a big emphasis on risk management for both the patients and health care staffs. Clinical risk management will fundamentally happen through the interpretation and application of agreed individual care plans. The development of a comprehensive and individualised care plan will relate to the broad range of effective treatment, rehabilitation and support services provided at the current level of clinical knowledge (Morgan, S., 1998). Risk assessment is a process of identifying and investigating factors associated with the increased probability of specified risk occurring. It is an examination of the context and details of past risk incidents in the light of current circumstances. It is also concerned with the patterns of circumstances in which these factors may arise. A nurse may assess a patient as at risk of developing pressure sores, and then implement measures to try and reduced the likelihood of this event occurring by providing equipment such as specialist mattress. Risk assessment is a continuous process in which nurses gather information from multiple sources and other health care professionals with the focus of identifying the factors that is associated with the increased probability of risk happening. It is the foundation on which decisions are made and risks plans are then formulated through available national and local policies and procedures (Morgan, S.,1998). According to Lipsedge (1995), good practice in risk assessment requires nurses to translate their knowledge into a clearly distinct formulation of the risks. The formulation should ideally reflect aspects of each individual, context and systems that may influence the potential for risks. The primary aim of pressure ulcer risk assessment tool is to help nurses identify individuals at risk of pressure ulcers and determine the degree of risk (Shakespeare 1994).Formal pressure ulcer risk assessment involves the use of a tool that assists in identifying those patients likely to develop a pressure ulcer. According to Guy, H. (2007), risk assessment on pressure ulcer requires multifactorial consideration. Risk-assessment tools are a useful signpost to risk factors but must not be used in isolation to identify risk. It is important to carry out a care plan once the patient is identified to be at risk of developing a pressure sore so that occurrence of pressure damage can be prevented. Most nurses are familiar with the use of pressure sore risk assessment tools such as the Braden or Waterlow scales. These tools collect data regarding various factors thought to be associated with the development of pressure sores. There is normally some form of scoring system which shows the probability of the pressure sore occurring. For example, if a patient scores 15 or over on the Waterlow scale, the individual may be considered at risk of developing pressure sores and therefore the nurses will have to maintain a pressure ulcer prevention (PUP) bundle in order to keep track of the patients condition. According to Waterlow (1985), recommended care interventions are available with each recommendation corresponding to the risk score parameters of the Waterlow scale. The Waterlow scale is mostly used in adult field of nursing. It can also be used with hospitalised mental health and learning disability patients. However, the Waterlow scale is specifically designed for adults and therefore it is not appropriate to be use on children. Paediatrics use a different pressure ulcer risk assessment tool called the Glamorgan scale (Willock, J. et al, 2007). No risk assessment tool can be 100% accurate. The key issue in examining risk assessment tools is how good they are at distinguishing those at risk from those who are not and if they are better or more accurate than simply relying on professional judgement (Thompson, C. Dowding, D., 2002). When considering risk assessment and risk reduction, it is important that the initial assessment of risk is accurate. Evidence refers to information that is used to support particular beliefs, decisions and actions. Evidence-based decision making is a prescriptive approach to making choices based on ideas of how research and theory can be used to improve decision making in regards to delivery and quality of patient care. According to Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008a, p.7), nurses are now required to use evidence based practice. For example, nurses must deliver care based on the best available evidence or practice and must ensure any advice given to patients are evidence based. Sackett el al (1996) defines evidence base practice as the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient by incorporating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from a systematic research. This means that one solution will not be the same for all clinical scenarios and it is the nurses role to identify the research that best fits the clinical situation. According to McKibbon (1998): Evidence based practice is an approach to health care wherein health professionals use the best evidence possible, i.e. the most appropriate information available to make clinical decisions for individual patients. Evidence based practice values, enhances and builds on clinical expertise, knowledge of disease mechanisms, and pathophysiology. It involves complex and conscientious decision making based not only on the available evidence but also on patient characteristics, situations and preferences. It recognises that health care is individualised and ever changing and involves uncertainties and probabilities. Ultimately, Evidence base practice is the formalisation of the care process that the best clinicians have practiced for generations. McKibbon (1998) recognises the importance of the patient when making decisions about their own care. According to Reigle, Steven, Belcher et al (2008) and Talsma, Grady, Feetham, et al (2008), the reason why evidence based practice is consistently implemented is because it leads to the highest quality of care and best patient outcomes. It involves combining the knowledge of an expert, patient preferences and research evidence within the context of available resources. Also, studies by McGuinty and Anderson (2008) and Williams (2004) showed that evidence based practice has reduced healthcare costs and geographic variation in delivery of care. Integrating research evidence into decision making involves forming a focused clinical question in response to a recognised information need, searching for the most appropriate evidence to meet that need, critically appraising the retrieved evidence, incorporating the evidence into a strategy for action, and evaluating the effects of any decisions and actions taken. Thompson et al (2004) One of the tools used in evidence based practice is the use of the early warning score system (EWS). EWS were developed to assist health care professionals detect if patients are deteriorating. It is based on physiological parameters taken when recording patient observation e.g. the patients heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, oxygen saturations and systolic blood pressure. The EWS is designed for adults and can also be use with mental health and learning disability patients. However, due to children and adults different physiological responses, EWS is inappropriate to use on children. Alternatively, Paediatric Early Warning Scores (PEWS) is use for children, to record observations and is use to assess the childs condition i.e. If the childs score is high then this means he/she is at risk of deteriorating, this gives nurses an early indication that an action has to be done. The use of early warning score (EWS) is the best practice for clinical observations (Department of Health, 2000), and this is backed up by NCEPOD (2005) who emphasised that every in-patient should have a EWS recorded. Accurate and timely observations and adherence to EWS is essential in order to recognise patients who are at risk of deterioration. According to NICE (2007), nurses caring for patients in acute hospital settings should be skilled in monitoring, measuring, and interpreting data and have prompt response to the acutely ill patient and they should be assessed in order to demonstrate their competency. Early intervention can help prevent patients condition from deteriorating which then helps avoid the need to transfer the patient to a higher level of care. However, despite the good outcome of using evidence based practice in decision making with regards to patient care, there are issues such as nurses do not always make their decision based on available evidence due to lack of skills i.e. poor IT skills, lack of research skills and literature. There are also misconceptions that traditional ways is the best way, or that gathering evidence is too difficult and time consuming. Becoming skilled in clinical decision making requires the application of a range of evidence regarding patient concern, physical and human resources within healthcare contexts, understanding health and illnesses, developing expertise in applying therapeutic approaches, a commitment to enhance the wellbeing of those in your care and fulfilling the requirements of the relevant professional body. Overall, as nurses, it is important to have a basis when we make a decision regarding patient care. Risk is integral to nursing and the assessment of risk is one of the most common judgements nurses make. Each decision making model requires certain set of skills in order to be put on proper use and get the right results. Nurses are expected to use valid evidence to support their decisions when deciding what care to provide each patient. It is also important that nurses use their resources cost effectively by ensuring that resources and equipment are used correctly by the patient. Sometimes it is difficult for the nurse to come to a decision that will satisfy clients and co-workers and they also may be challenged at any time, however the important thing is that the nurse takes full responsibility and is able to justify his/her decision. Making the wrong clinical decision is not only harmful to patients but can also damage a nurses career. Learning about developing and applying effecti ve clinical decision making skills is vital for the wellbeing of patients and nurses capacity to demonstrate that decisions are justified.

Global Industrial Issues: Special Economic Zones in India

Global Industrial Issues: Special Economic Zones in India India was one of the first in Asia to recognize the effectiveness of the Export Processing Zone (EPZ). The chief drawbacks of EPZ were multiplicity of controls and clearance, absence of world class infrastructure and instable fiscal regime. The Special Economic Zone Policy (SEZs) was announced in 2000 and it tried to look into the drawbacks of the EPZ policy. SEZs are engine for economic growth supported by quality infrastructure, attractive fiscal package and minimum possible regulations. The main objectives of the policy are: Generation of additional economic activity Promotion of exports of goods and services Promotion of investment from domestic and foreign sources Creation of employment opportunities Development of infrastructure facilities. The SEZ rules provide for Simplified procedures for development, operation and maintenance of the SEZs and for setting up units and conducting business in SEZs Single window clearance for setting up an SEZ Single window clearance for setting up a unit in a SEZ Single window clearance on matters relating to central as well as state Governments Simplified compliance procedures and documentation with an emphasis on self certification. Incentives and Facilities Offered to the SEZs: Duty free import/domestic procurement of goods development, operation and maintenance of SEZ units. 100% income tax exemption an export income for SEZ units for the first 5 years, 50% for the next 5 years thereafter, and 50% of the ploughed back export profit for the next five years. Exemption from minimum alternate tax, central sales tax and service tax. External commercial ______ by SEZ units up to US $ 500 million in a year without any maturity restriction through recognised banning channels. Single window clearance for central and state level approvals. Major Incentives and Facilities available to SEZ developers include: Exemption from customs/excise duties for development of SEZs for authorised operations approved by Board of Approval (BOA) Income tax exemption on export income for a block of 10 years in 15 years Exemption from minimum alternate tax, dividend distributors tax, Central Sales Tax and Service Tax. The SEZs trigger a large flow of foreign and domestic investment, resource utilisation and generate additional economic activity. Newly Industrialising Countries Newly Industrialising Countries (NICs) are those industries whose economics have not yet reached first world status but are more developed than their developing counter parts. The other characteristics of NIC’s is rapid economic growth (usually export oriented), optimal resource utilisation, rapid pace of industrialisation and a pool of labourers. Hongkong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan rose to global prominence with rapid industrial growth since 1960’s. This was possible with optimal resource utilisation. These countries can be considered as first generation of NIC’s. Organisation of or Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and __ have helped in the development of NIC’s. NIC’s usually benefit from comparatively low labour costs and larger market. Currently the following countries are considered as NIC’s China, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand (Asia) South Africa (Africa); Mexico (North America) Brazil (South America) and Turkey (Europe). Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development The organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (DECD) is an international organisation of thirty countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and free market economy. It originated in 1948 as Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) and was reformed into organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development in 1961. The OECD covers all economic, environmental and social issues. It identifies common problems and good practice and coordinates domestic and international policies. The organisation collects data, monitors trends and forecasts economic developments. It also analysis the patterns in trade, environment, agriculture, technology, taxation and other areas the secretariat of OCED looks into entrepreneurship, fax policy, employment, labour, trade, agriculture, financial and enterprise affairs etc. The organisation further looks into the development of nuclear and energy resources. Most of the countries of Europe are part of it – Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, United Kingdom etc. Besides it Japan and South Korea (Asia) and united states of America and Canada are also a member of OCED. G8: The Group of Eight (G8) is an international forum for the governments of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and United states. The concept of the forum for the world industrialised democracies emerged after the 1973 oil crisis and subsequent global recession. The G8 countries discuss the topics of labour, economic and social development, energy, environment, trade etc. The forum discusses the global issues in an informal manner. New Post W W II trends in Industrial Resource The post world II period observed many changes in the utilisation of resources for industrial development. Some of the following trends were observed: De industrialisation and restructuration as a result of changing industrial policies of linearization and globalisation. The phase of deindustrialisation and restructuration was followed by the renewed programmes and changes in location and structure of plants was observed. The plants were reallocated and many multi functional companies became more functional. The structure of industries shifted from fordism to Neo-fordism post fordism. The lower order industrial regions termed as dusters and complexes came into existence. These phenomena are the phase of rejuvenations in manufacturing systems. These are a result of newer innovations and technologies. Thus, the resource are utilised in a more appropriate manner. The improvements in means of transport and communication has encouraged the process of industrialisation. Further, the rational and planned formulative policy for manufacturing give rise to inter-national companies (MNC’s). The location and reallocation of resources and industries have created decongestion of industries and thus lower order clusters and complexes have come up in existence. These are well equipped with newer technologies. OCED’s , NIC’s, G8, BRICS, SEZ’s have accelerated the process of resource allocation. Thus, the combination of spatial dispersal and global integration has created new centres as Highly concentred command points in the organisation of the world economy Key locations for finance and for specialised service firms Sites of production, including the production of innovation in these leading industries and Markets for the products and innovations produced. High Tech Manufacturing Development Foci: A number of specialised high technology centres (also termed as footloose industries) have developed in the world. These units are largely located nearer to universities and research institutions. Silicon Valley in California near Stanford Unweisily and ‘Boston Route 128’ near Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) are one of the centres which have developed Many IT industries like IBM are engaged in research around here. Subsequently, the research and industry partnership hubs have developed all over the world-many countries of Europe, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, India etc. Foot loose industries are highly flexible and are largely dependent on highly literate young entrepreneurs, with little cash and space. The high tech industries are functionally discrete by nature and look into design, development and fabrication. The re-industrialisation restructures the national and economic landscape and there is a development of three lower order industrial developments. Industrial districts at a comparatively higher spatio functional level Flexible specialisation at international level _____ at local level. Utilisation of resources underwent a transformation with a change in the approach of establishment of industries and subsequently utilisation of resources. Neo-fordism evolved for the continently of fordist, labour process but post fordism stressed complete break. Global Industrialisation Related Problems: Globally, differential development of industries is observed. Thus, differences in utilisation is also observed imbalances are visible in developing and developed regions of the world. Different issues are observed in developed and developing countries. Some industrial products whose demands have been increasing since Industrial Revolution might now experience a decrease in demand. The growth rates are either stagnant or have decreased in the already developed regions which these rates have accelerated in the developing countries. Since mid 1970’s the demand for many consumer goods have established in Developed countries because of the changes observed in population growth rate has become negligible. Besides, world recession, average personnel disposable income, changing technology, increased durability of the products are some of the factors responsible for the decrease in demands for industrial products in mid 1990’s. Although, the demand for goods declined in 1990’s but on the other hand, worldwide capacity has increased because of the following factors: The diffusion of industrial revolution and basic level of technology for commonly demanded items such as textiles, iron and steel, automobile, etc from developed to the less developed world. Increased output capacity by developed nations as a resuet of technological inventions and innovations and change in the structure of resource utilisation. The shifts of hubs of industries. The early concentration (followed by Industrial Revolution) was in UK in 19th century followed by USA, USSR; Germany and Japan. China, Mexico and Indonesia followed the above countries and the industrial production increased. In the 21st century many Asian countries (Newly Industrialising countries), South Africa (BRICS), Taiwan, Singapore and. Industrialisation plays an important role in national economy: Through industrialisation the country sustains itself and provides indigenous goods and products. Thus also helps in improving the economy of the nation. The process of industrialisation helps in promoting the development of essential infrastructure of a region. Thus, the process of industrialisation helps in developing the various pockets of the country. As the process of industrialisation proceeds various under-developed pockets also are benefitted as the diversification of industrialisation becomes more and more strong. The employment opportunities are generated. Thus, helps in improving the economy of the country. The resource exploration is done as per the needs and over exploitation can be avoided. On the other hand, industries can be developed in the resource endowed regions. Industrial Problems in Developed Countries: The largest challenge which the developed countries face is of change in structure of production – from fordism to neo fordism and post fordism, enhanced cost of labour, decline in the market with new market areas developing and procurement of resources. Earlier the industrialised grants of the world relied on international market for their products as well as they procured the resources globally 20th century witnessed the development of industries in many other parts of the world. The competition of markets has led to the grouping of countries. Such as European Common Market (ECM) Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA), Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Etc. These grouping helped in reducing trade barriers and the hubs of industrial regions are adversely affected. The countries which industrialised early, immediately in the post industrial revolution era because of the advancement in innovations and technology procured the raw material from the countries which were devoid of it from late 19th century and beginning of 20th century these countries started developing industries in their own parts. Thus, the already existing industrial hubs suffered from the availability of resources. The early industrialised countries suffered a setback of accelerating cost of labour. This was largely because of the low population availability. This promoted the change in structure of industries. Multinational companies came in instead of integrated industries. The multinational corporations helped in deindustrialisation and reindustrialisation. This helped in the development of new regions and few aheady industrialisation regions suffered a setback. Industrial Problems in Developing Countries: The problems of the developing are largely related to the availability of capital, latest technology, adequate infrastructure and proper management skills. These countries have entered the production late and are still in the infancy stage. Largely the developing countries are in there infancy stage and thus are facing problems of technological advancement and Automations and application of upgraded technology is essential for the increase in the production. The developing countries are not well equipped with trained managers, professionals and other supporting staff. This restricts the optimum utilisation of resources. Lack of basic infrastructure and amenities is another major constraint of the developing countries. Many developing countries are accelerating the process of industrialisation and ignoring the proper controls towards environmental protection which can harm human ecology. Industrial Problems in under developed Countries: Capital scarcity, poor labour asset, lack of latest technology and automation political instability economic recession and under developed infrastructure are some of the problems faced by under developed countries.

My Life Beyond the Pale Essay -- Personal Narrative essay about myself

My Life Beyond the Pale "Beyond the pale" was a phrase first used by the English Crown of the 1300's to describe the Irish countryside outside of Dublin's borders, i.e., English control. Even before then, and since, the Irish have continually struggled to define for themselves a cohesive national identity outside of that which was determined for them by colonists, or perhaps nowadays, tourists like myself. Therefore, a cautionary note: this brief essay contains no deep, penetrating insights into the Irish psyche, no judgments as to the wisdom of constitutionalized Catholicism, World War II isolationism, or the perpetuation of Yeats-ish, green-rolling, fairy-mounded myths. Irish identity cannot, I believe, be found at the bottom of any foam-ringed pint, nor may it be found in the all-too-commonly-evoked literary trinity of abusive father, alcoholic mother, and tuberculosis-inclined child. And despite the insistence of economists, both Irish and otherwise, it will not be found in the workings of a booming "Ce ltic Tiger" economy, with the (albeit historical) shift from a country of emigration to one of immigration. Ireland has found its current definition under the auspicious flag of the Tourist Industry, a change that would likely make Yeats shudder, as his oft-valorized four green fields are first leveled, paved, and finally given new shape as the grounds for a shopping mall. South of the Lif... ... boat ride, and I noticed an Italian couple sitting nearby, both neatly dressed, with lovely leather sandals and gold jewelry. At fast I wondered what they saw in their surroundings. They appeared quite comfortable. I looked around again. There was a certain beauty in the mix of rust and faded paint, the apparent lack of function, an atmosphere beyond something, if not the Pale itself. The feeling of exile that occurs as a result of traveling abroad is a unique form, self-imposed and wary of cliches. Remember that James Joyce was only able to write "The Dead" after leaving Dublin. Though I may not have returned with a brilliant novella of my own, this new sense of wonderment is, I believe, a nearly even trade.

Essay --

Danielle C. Dillon Europe in the Middle Ages Fall 2013 Final Exam Many things effected society in Medieval Europe, some having a more profound effect than others. Europe in the Middles ages was a time of learning and of cultural growth, but it was also a time of more serious things such as the Black Death. The way Europe coped with these unforeseen challenges, helped shape their society and culture, and we still learn about them today. The Black Death was of significance in Europe, but what exactly was it? The Black Death, also known as the Bubonic Plague was a wide spread infection in Medieval Europe that wiped out one third of the entire population during this time period. This plague affected the Lymph Nodes, where the bacteria found a suitable place to reproduce. How was the black plague spread you may ask? This is where some of the advances made in Europe during the Middle Ages, backfired and actually had a negative effect. It is widely known that the Black Plague was transmitted through rats, but it finds in origins in Asia. Thus the fleas found on these rats, must have come to Europe somehow, for this we look at trade routes. It was very common for markets and fairs to open up with imported goods in Europe, some of these goods coming from Asia, thus traveling salesmen and their merchandise are largely responsible for the transmission of the disease. Another reason this disease was so deadly was the lack of medicine, and knowledge of science. Though there was knowledge of science and medicine in the time, it does not compare to what we know now, including the knowledge of incubation periods. We know now because of modern medicine, that diseases can be transmitted before symptoms show, this was not known in M... ...olarly endeavors, rather than strictly practical ones. Humanists also believed that the entirety of society should be well versed and able to speak articulately. The focus also changed during this time period to the â€Å"here and now† rather than the afterlife. The worth of individuals began to become more important, rather than just their worth in relation to society as a whole. Renaissance Humanism was the first time in history that people began to question authority and the teachings they had learned, it was the first time in history that individual expression was commonly accepted. Medieval Europe was a time of great tragedy (The Black Death) but it was also a time of great advancements in learning and culture. Perhaps one day thousands of years from now, people will read of our advancements and note their profound impact, as we do with Europe in the Middle Ages.

In-N-Out Burguer Essay

Describe In-N-Out in terms of the value it provides for customers. Throughout the years, the restaurant chain In-N-Out has accomplished excellent customer service and satisfaction. Moreover, their customer service is now classified among the top rated when compared to other fast food restaurants that are within In-N-Out’s range of service. Presently, the profit they are making is comparable to, if not higher than Burger King and McDonald’s. Many experts reviews have favored In-N-Out because they are known for giving customers secret menu items, which overall helps increase customer value. In other words, the famous â€Å"secret menu† strategy is bringing back not only its original customers but also their family and friends. Evaluate In-N-Out’s performance relative to customer expectations. What is the outcome of this process? In-N-Out has performed well when it comes to filling customers’ expectations. Thanks to the great performance offered by the restaurant; they have positive advertisement by their own clients. In other words, their own customers promote the food and service of the restaurant; saving the chain millions of dollars in TV advertisement. They are now famous for providing â€Å"Quality you can taste† as well as an original formula that remains unchanged. Another fact to their success is that, they have never changed their menu or freshness of the products. Millions of people talk about the freshness and tastefulness of the food and are always planning to return within days. Do you think In-N-Out should adopt a high growth strategy? Why or why not? I believe In-N-Out should remain with their slow growth strategy. This particular chain of restaurants has definitely gone beyond expectations. The truth of the matter is, a regular business with such strategy would have failed within the first three years. However, In-N-Out has exceptional in accomplishing what seems impossible to other fast foods such as McDonalds. The chain of restaurants it is not found in every state, so when a traveler is near one there is a high chance they will try it. With so many customers drawn into In-N-Out’s â€Å"no change† philosophy, why don’t more burger chains follow suit? Each burger chain has its rules and strategies, for them to ado pt the â€Å"no change† rule means many of their owners would have to agree. Since such philosophy is not the most common successful one the likelihood of them converting is not high.

Availability Of Instructional Materials Essay

Some people learn in different ways. Some people are extraordinary good of retaining information fed to them orally and others absorb and retain a great deal of information that they’ve read. Others need visual stimulants or cues to facilitate learning. Education in Basilan State College is now experiencing a period great change, and problematic situations that can spur creative and innovative effects  towards educational experiences. The needs to restore the learners are the instructional materials, because it helps to stimulate and motivate learners. (Esu, Enukoha and umeron 2004). Education will have to project new vision and a new perspective which will expand the school of the community and make it its laboratory for the teaching-learning opportunities that will be provided. Teachers will be a key factor in education and in a culture like ours, they will still be accepted authority in the classroom. Educational facilities and instructional materials do need in improving performance, but in view of limited resources creativity and innovativeness most are experience in their used. Since all effort will involve all people, actions of education system must be directed to make all sectors like media, association and other government and non government agencies compliment rather than compete in the task in developing education so that it can contribute more substantially to the rebuilding of our nation. Instructional materials are said to be part of the instructional procedure. Thus, studies have shown that when skills are related to practical situations, attitude and improve. Inyang-Abia and Esu (1990) cited in Esu et. Al (2004) asserts that instructional materials are the pivot or which the wheel of individuals differ in so many aspects and they learn at different levels, so providing alternative resource materials is very necessary. The purpose of instruction therefore, is to help people learn. Instruction may include events that are generated by a page of prints, by a picture, by television program, or by combination of physical objects among other things. The aim of designing instruction is to activate and support learning of the individual pupil. This aim is characteristic of instruction whenever it occurs whether between a tutor and the pupil in a school classroom, an adult interest or the job setting. A fundamental reason for designing instruction is to ensure that no one educationally disadvantaged and that all pupils have equal opportunities to use their individual talents to the fullest degree. Instructional design calls for a preplanning it involves preparing a blue print of instructional development and delivery, utilizing multimedia, multi disciplinary approaches with objective of improving the teaching and learning processes on one hand. These instructional materials brought about meaningful insight and provide direction for change in education. Basic instructional materials will have to be developed very carefully since these may have in the process of education. They should provide for the desirable values and the skills and knowledge proposed to be learned in each learning level and adequately provide for mastery learning which is requisite to the achievements of quality. Good teaching is not an accident. It is thoroughly planned and organized by a teacher who has in mind the nature of the learners, the objective of the lessons and the availability of materials. All that happens inside the classroom contributes to the learner’s acquisition of knowledge, values and skills. The learning environment provides very meaningful experience not only to the learners but to the teachers as well. Good teachers become better teachers when they used appropriate materials in their classroom. Theoretical Framework Instructional materials have been defined by various authors. For example, Obanya ( 1989) viewed them as didactic materials thing which supposed to make learning and teaching possible. According to Abdullahi (1982) instructional materials or tools usually made or imported that could made  tremendous enhancement of lesson impact if intelligently used. Ikiereonwun (Isola 2010) refered to them as objects or devices, which help the teacher to make a lesson make clearer to the learner. Instructional materials are also described as concrete or physical objects which provides sound, visual or both to the sense organs during teaching (Aguina-obu) 2005). There are also instructional materials that educators use which provide creative ideas to assist in the learning process. Finally, instructional materials can help one troubleshoot a product that is not functioning properly. Instructional materials serve as the channel between the teacher and the students in delivering the instruction. They may also serve as the motivation on the teaching- learning process Instructional Materials serve as the channel between the teacher and the students in delivering the instruction. They may also serve as the motivation on the teaching- learning process. Use to get the attention of the students in order for them to experience boredom, just want to add the importance of instructional materials is that good instructional materials do not teach it encourage the learners to learn. Conceptual framework Instructional materials are in various classes. Independent Variables Dependent Variables Implication Statement of the Problem This study was conducted to determine the availability of instructional materials of the college of Health and Science in Basilan State College. Specifically, it answers the following questions. 1. What are the instructional materials use by the teacher of college of Health and Science a. Audio b. Visual c. Audiovisual 2. To what extent is the audio instructional materials used by the teacher in terms of: a. Radio b. Tape recording 3. To what extent is the visual instructional materials used by the teacher in terms of: a. Chalkboards b. Chart c. Slide d. Film Strip 4. To what extent is the audio-visual instructional materials in terms of: a. Television b. Picture c. Slide show Hypothesis of the Study The under listed hypothesis were formulated to guide these study. There are no significant difference between students taught with standard instructional materials, improvised materials and convention instruction. There is no significant relationship between availability of instructional materials and effective implementation of College of Health and Science. Significance of the Study With insights on the availability of instructional materials brought about meaningful insights and provide direction for change in education. Through the use of instructional materials the students are easily arouse their learning. Students may have different interest and abilities that determine their pace of learning. The Teacher With the use of instructional materials for the teacher in place, their instructional efficiency can be improve. The overcome of this research may help the teacher in place and load more available instructional materials in their classroom or materials. The Department This research will increase and improve the implementation of the available instructional materials to indulge the learning of the students. Scope and Delimitation of the Study Teaching materials is a generic term use to describe the resources teachers use to deliver instruction. Teaching materials can support student learning and increase student success. Teaching materials come in many shapes and sizes, but they all have in common the ability to support student learning. This study was conducted in the College of Health and Science at Basilan Sate College Isabela City Basilan. This study determines the availability of instructional materials in College of Health and Science. Teachers at all levels utilize a variety of instructional materials such as textbooks, presentations, and handouts to enhance the quality of their lessons. The quality of those materials directly impacts the quality of teaching. Knowing how to find the best instructional materials is valuable skills for a teacher. What the use of instructional materials should be useful when they used it, the students can easily gain important information. These instructional materials are used to aid the transference of information from one to another. Right for instance, a teacher may use instructional materials to aid in the learning of subject matter in the class. Instructional materials serve as the channel between the teacher and the students in delivering the instruction. They may also serve as the motivation on the teaching learning process. Definition of Terms For better comprehensive of this study, the following terms were defined: 1. Availability – The quality or state of being available (Merriam Webster) 2. Instructional Materials – Educational resources use to improve students’ knowledge, abilities, and skills to monitor their assimilation of information, and to contribute to their overall development and upbringing. 3. Students – is a learner or someone who attends an educational institution. 4. Teacher – Teacher is the one of parent who thinks good for our future and is the only person who helps us to make the decision then the right for us. 5. Needs – A need is something that is necessary for organisms to live a healthy life. Needs are distinguished from wants because a deficiency could clear a negative outcomes, such as disfunction or death. Needs can be subjective or physical, such as food, or they can be subjective and psychological, such as the need for the self – esteem. Chapter II Review of Related Literature and Studies Some people say that learning can be learned through the use of visual-aids and as a matter of fact, 75% of learning can be acquired through the sense of sight. Now a days students are very much particular with its comes to the teachers visual-aids. Sometimes they find the discussion boring if the teacher didn’t provide their visual-aids. Traditional instructional materials are the materials traditionally use by the teachers to their students in teaching their lessons. It includes the use of textbook, chalk, board, marker, charts and flash cards. These are the common materials that help the teachers to explain the lessons clearly. Instructional materials These are materials that are use to aid the transference of information from one to another. For example, a teacher may use instructional materials to aid in the learning of subject matter for a class. These instructional materials could include power point presentations (visual aids). Books Articles The list can go on and on some call them instructional materials while others may call learning or teaching aids. Instructional materials serve as the channel between the teacher and the students in delivering the instruction. They may also serve or the motivation on the teaching learning process. Students learn principally through interactions with people (teachers and peers) and instructional materials (textbooks, workbooks, instructional software, web-based content, homework, projects, quizzes, and tests). But education policymakers focus primarily on factors removed from those interactions, such as academic standards, teacher evaluation systems, and school accountability policies. It’s as if the medical profession worried about the administration of hospitals and patient insurance but paid no attention to the treatments that doctors give their patients. There is strong evidence that the choice of instructional materials has large effects on student learning—effects that rival in size those that are associated with differences in teacher effectiveness. But whereas improving teacher quality through changes in the preparation and professional development of teachers and the human resources policies surrounding their employment is challenging, expensive, and time-consuming, making better choices among available instructional materials should be relatively easy, inexpensive, and quick. Student learning occurs primarily through interactions with people (teachers and peers) and instructional materials (textbooks, workbooks, instructional software, web-based content, homework, projects, quizzes, and tests). The contexts within which these interactions  occur are surely important. The effectiveness of teachers, the behavior of peers, and the instructional materials with which students have the opportunity to interact are affected by layers of influences that range from circumstances in the home, to leadership in the school, to the international macro-economy and everything in between. But students do not engage in instructional interactions with the governance mechanism for their school or with state standards or with a school district’s evaluation system for teachers or with collective bargaining agreements or with the leadership qualities of their school principal—they learn by engaging in cognitive processes that are triggered and shaped by interactions with people and instructional materials. The balance between attention to context and attention to instruction has come to be substantially out-of-kilter among education policymakers.2 It is as if the managers of a professional sports team spent most of their time and resources on the layout of the stadium, the advertising of the games, the logistics of travel, and the equipment in the weight room while giving little attention to playing the game itself. Instructional interactions are the core of student learning but policymakers attend mostly to context. We must give priority to the education policies that are most likely to improve instructional interactions if we are going to achieve substantial progress in student achievement. CHAPTER III RESEARCH DESIGN AND PROCEDURES These chapters discuss the Research Methodology, Instructional Materials and Achievement Grades, Survey Data and Survey Population and Instrument. METHODOLOGY An instructional material has been shown to have positive impact on teaching and learning in classrooms (Baylor and Ritchie, 2002). For this study, instruction materials were defined as all the materials and equipment that  are used to enhance the teaching and learning process, specifically chalkboards, flip charts, locally available resources, overhead projectors, videos, and computers. The academic achievements in the College of Health and Science could be attributed to many factors among which teachers strategy itself was considered as an important factor. The teaching without instructional materials may certainly result in poor academic achievements. The availability of instructional materials has been found to the consistently positive determinant of academic achievement. In addition to studying the effects of availability of instructional materials like textbooks on achievement it is important to know the extent to which the instructional materials being used in the College of Health and Science to the learning needs of the students in the said college. The purpose of this study was to survey students to determine what instructional materials were available in the teacher training colleges. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS There have been several studies on instructional materials and academic achievement. For instance, Momoh (Isola, 2010), conducted a research on the effects of instructional resources on students’ performance in West Africa School Certificate. Examinations (WASCE) in Kwara State. He correlated material resources with academic achievements of students in ten subjects. Data were collected from the subject teachers in relation to the resources employed in the teaching. The achievements of students in WASCE for the past five years were related to the resources available for teaching each of the subjects. He concluded that material resources have a significant effect on student’s achievement in each of the subjects. In the same manner, Moronfola (1982) carried out a research in Ilorin Local Government Area of Kwara State. She used questionnaires to collect data on the material resources available for the teaching of some selected subjects  in ten secondary schools and related these to students’ achievements in each of the selected subjects and to the amount of resources available for the teaching of the subjects. Finding showed a significant effect of material resources on the students’ academic performance in these subjects. In the same vein, Popoola (1990) investigated the effect of instructional resources on the academic achievements of students in Ogun State. Five secondary schools in Abeokuta were used for this study. Questionnaires were designed to elicit responses on instructional materials that were available for the teaching and learning of each of the three school subjects he examined. He collected WASC examination results for five years and compared achievements of students in schools with adequate material resources and achievements of students in schools with inadequate material resources. He found a significant difference in the achievements of the two sets of students. The schools with adequate instructional materials performed better than those with inadequate instructional materials. The absence instructional materials in the school were great limitation to a number of teachers. Administrators should be aware of the importance of the instructional materials as an instructional tool and provide it to the teacher. Like for instance, textbooks and exercise books are the most important teaching/learning aids. In this study it was found that in general teachers had textbooks for the subjects they were teaching. THE SURVEY DATA There are several ways that surveys can reach respondents for completion. A researcher can contact respondents by mailing the surveys to them and wait for their responses. The advantages with mail out surveys are that the researcher is able to reach participants who are scattered and cannot easily be met in person, and also that respondents have ample time to think of the answer. On the other hand, mailing has a disadvantage because in many cases response rate is low, and the researcher must make several attempts to remind participants to respond (Ary, Jacobs and Razavieh, 2002, Fowler, 2002, Rea and Parker, 1997). In this study the researcher administered the survey in person, one by one. Despite the time and expense incurred, this approach helped the researcher to have a high response rate (Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh, 2002), since the surveys were collected immediately after completion. Another advantage was that since the respondents were clustered at their classes it was possible to get almost all respondents at the same time and allow them to fill in the surveys at the same time. In addition, as Ary, Jacobs, and Razavieh (2002) put it, â€Å"the researcher is present [and can] provide assistance or answer questions† about the items. SURVEY POPULATION AND INSTRUMENT The population for the survey was derived from the ten (10) respondents in the College of Health and Science. The instrument used in this study were self-design contains of 7 items and 2 choices or options the â€Å"Yes or No â€Å". The respondents are the students of College of Health and Science an we gathered at least 10 respondents in the said college. The students were made to check the answer of the survey questionnaire. The survey questionnaire was use to measure the achievements of the students in the College of Health and Science through the use of various instructional materials through the contribution also of their teachers. And it was used to measure how does these instructional materials affecting the grades pr the achievement grades of the students in the College of Health and Science.

In Cold Blood Theme Essay

There are many prominent themes in the novel In Cold Blood, and they cover a wide spectrum of topics. They include the effects (if any) caused by environment in childhood, how a person of any of locale can be a victim of hostility, and the presence of contrasting personalities. Truman Capote gives the reader a detailed account of Perry Smith’s and Dick Hickock’s childhoods. Smith’s childhood was very problematic and scarred by years of abuse. He witnessed beatings of his mother by his father; as a result of the domestic violence, his parents divorced. Due to these problems he rans away from home, and he was â€Å"in and out of detention homes many times† (277). He is severely beaten and humiliated by a cottage mistress because of a mixuration malfunction. These violent episodes compelled his bitterness toward other humans. When Smith entered adulthood, he commited acts of thievery and acts of battery. While in the merchant marines, he once threw a Japanese policeman off a bridge and into the water. All these events had an impact on Smith, and his adulthood provided him with the opportunity to avenge the experiences that enraged him. Hickock’s childhood was marked by no horror stories. His years of childhood showed no signs of abuse or neglect, but his parents were a little overprotective. He showed no real contempt for his parents or his childhood. Dick’s inception into adulthood reveals his abnormal â€Å"tendencies,† (Reed 115) and in the novel proof is given by Hickock: â€Å"I think the main reason I went there [the Clutter home] was not to rob them but to rape the girl† (278). The two killers’ childhoods were obviously dissimilar, and their differences bring to question the formation of a killer’s mind. Is it childhood that affects the criminal mind’s mentality? Smith’s lack of companionship during his childhood led him to search for companionship in Hickock. Hickock took advantage of Smith’s need by promoting Smith’s fantasies. Hickock truly felt that Smith’s fantasies were ludicrous, but he supported his fantasies because he needed Smith’s aid to commit the murders. A second theme of In Cold Blood is the randomness of crime. The Clutter family lived in rural Kansas hundreds of miles from a major city, and people of this small community felt a sense of security. The Clutter family murder made national headlines because this crime fit no stereotype. The Clutter family was well loved and respected by the people of Holcomb, who would have never seriously considered a such a crime happening in their own backyard. The Clutter family was successful financially; they lived as well as any other family in town. However, there was no jealousy of the family’s success. This is another one of many reasons why this murder consternated the inhabitants of Holcomb, the investigators, and the rest of the nation. Another theme throughout In Cold Blood is the attraction of opposite personalities and what they can become once united. The reader sees these opposing personalities in Hickock and Smith. The first scene of Perry Smith is with a guitar and a set of road maps. The guitar appears to function as a feminine image and symbol. The reader also learns that part of what attracts Hickock to Smith is that Hickock fells â€Å"totally masculine† by this association. In one scene the contents of the criminals’ automobile is mentioned. One of Perry’s possessions is the guitar, and the â€Å"instrument that typifies his combative companion Dick†¦ a twelve gauge pump-action shotgun.† Another instance of Smith’s feminism is Hickock’s constant addressing of him as â€Å"sugar,† â€Å"honey,† and â€Å"baby.† Smith’s feminine qualities are evident; however, the reader is left to interpret their importance (Reed 113-114). In conclusion, there are many different themes throughout the novel. In Cold Blood discusses the issues of childhood influences, the randomness of a crime, and opposing personalities. These themes are unique in that they they can be molded into a nonfiction novel such as In Cold Blood.